For the Animals
An Argument Guide
PT

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G. Health and nutrition

17 arguments in Part IND.

Underlying question: Do we need animal products?
Dominant error: Empirical

G1

We need animal protein.

Protein needs are met by legumes, grains and soy

Full chapter
G2

Plant protein is incomplete.

A 1970s myth; variety over the day provides all the essential amino acids

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G3

If you need B12 supplements, it isn't natural.

Farm animals also get supplemented B12; and natural is not the criterion (C1)

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G4

You'll lack iron, zinc and other micronutrients.

Plannable with a varied diet; iron deficiency is also common in meat eaters

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G5

Milk is necessary for your bones.

Calcium is found in plants and fortified foods

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G6

Only fish provides omega-3.

Fish get their DHA from algae, a direct source available to us

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G7

Soy causes female hormones and cancer.

Phytoestrogens aren't estrogen; meta-analyses don't support the myth

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G8

Children and pregnant women can't be vegan.

Major nutrition bodies consider it appropriate at every life stage, with planning

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G9

Athletes need meat.

There are elite vegan athletes; adequate protein intake is what matters

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G10

I know someone who got sick being vegan.

Anecdotal evidence; it confuses a badly planned diet with a vegan diet

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G11

My body can't adapt.

The blood type diet has been refuted; individual complaints are rarely investigated

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G12

A carnivore, paleo or keto diet is healthiest.

Weak, short-term evidence that contradicts the large cohort studies

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G13

The WHO exaggerates; red meat isn't bad for you.

Cherry picking against the consensus (IARC: processed meat Group 1, red meat Group 2A)

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G14

Ultra-processed vegan foods are worse than meat.

False dichotomy: veganism doesn't require ultra-processed foods

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G15

Plants have antinutrients.

Doses and preparation make them irrelevant; populations eating plant-based diets live longer

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G16

Vegans are weak, pale and depressed.

A stereotype; the existing correlations have uncertain or reverse causation

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G17

My doctor told me to eat meat.

An appeal to individual authority against institutional positions

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